What Is Lewy Body Dementia Stages , Symptoms , Prognosis

What Is Lewy Body Dementia Stages - Dementia with Lewy bodies (DCL) is a disease, or degenerative and progressive brain syndrome that shares some symptoms with other illnesses and which sometimes overlaps with these, above all, with two common diseases among our elders: Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. With this article, we try to clarify this concept and to know what is this type of dementia that can also be found under the name of variant of Lewy body dementia of Alzheimer's disease, diffuse disease Lewy body, disease, cortical Lewy or senile dementia of Lewy body type bodies.

What Is Lewy Body Dementia

It is a neurodegenerative disease progressive that includes behavioural symptoms and memory of Alzheimer's type dementia and, in greater or lesser degree, the Parkinson's-like symptoms of the motor system, as well as presence of very vivid visual hallucinations are usually.

What Is Lewy Body Dementia Stages , Symptoms , Prognosis

These parkinsonian signs are, perhaps, the most characteristic feature of dementia with Lewy bodies. In some cases, precede dementia, either subtle or notorious, and patients are diagnosed during a time of Parkinson's disease, with little or transient response to the L - Dopa. Predominant rigidity, appearing early in more than half of the cases, bradykinesia, lack of facial expressiveness, disorders of posture, March and postural reflexes and, to a lesser extent, the hypophonic and tremor. These traits can also give you in Alzheimer's disease, but are more mild and late.

The fluctuations of the cognitive performance of these patients arise from one day to another or, even, on the same day and frequent confusional pictures of unknown origin, not attributable to external factors or medical defined.

Diagnostics

Diagnostic criteria reviewed for this dementia according to the consortium of dementia with Lewy bodies (2005) are as follows:

Essential feature

-Dementia defined as progressive cognitive impairment of sufficient magnitude to interfere with normal social or occupational function.

-Alteration of prominent or persistent memory that may not necessarily occur in the early stages, but tends to be evident with the progression.

-Attention, executive function and capacity visuospatial deficits can be specially marked.

Central traits (two are sufficient to diagnose dementia with Lewy bodies likely, one for possible Lewy body dementia):

-Fluctuations in cognitive function with variations in attention and alert.

-Recurrent, typically well made and detailed visual hallucinations.

-Spontaneous Parkinsonism features.

Features suggestive (if one or more in the presence of one or more central traits, diagnosis of probable Lewy body dementia can be. In the absence of Central traits, one or more allow the diagnosis of possible Lewy body dementia. Not can be diagnosed with probable Lewy body dementia only with suggestive features):

-REM sleep behavior disorder.

-Strong sensitivity to neuroleptic.

-Reduction of the re-uptake of dopamine in the basal ganglia demonstrated by SPECT or PET transporter.

Features of support (they tend to be present, but their diagnostic specificity has not been shown):

-Falls and syncope recurrence.

-Transitional and unexplained loss of knowledge.

-Important autonomic dysfunction.

-Hallucinations in other modalities.

-Systematized delusions.

-Depression.

-Relative preservation of medial temporal structures in CT or MRI.

-Hypoperfusion in SPECT or PET perfusion with occipital and reduced activity.

-Diminished uptake in MIBG myocardial SPECT.

-Prominent activity of slow waves in EEG with temporary transitional sharp waves.

The diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies are less likely to:

-In the presence of apparent cerebral vascular disease, such as focal neurological signs or neuroimaging.

-In the presence of other systemic or neurological disease enough to justify in part or in its entirety the clinical picture.

-If Parkinsonism only appears for the first time at a stage of advanced dementia.

Temporal sequence of symptoms:

• Dementia with Lewy bodies should be diagnosed when dementia occurs before or at the same time as Parkinsonism (if it is present). Dementia that occurs in the context of a well-established Parkinson's disease must be labeled in Parkinson's disease with dementia.
• In general, the disease begins between 50 and 80 years.
• The blend of clinical features and their order of appearance in the course of the disease can vary from patient to patient, depending on where the histopathological lesions are localized predominantly.
• It is a slowly progressive disease for which, at the moment, there are no ways of prevention and cure methods, although multiple research studies that are examining new drugs that alleviate the symptoms and stop the progression of the disease are being developed.

You can read another articles like  Vascular Dementia, What Causes Of Dementia, What is dementia, What Are The Signs Of Dementia.


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What is dementia

What is dementia ? - Before defining what is Alzheimer's disease, we must understand what is "dementia". Over the centuries, the term of dementia was used with several meanings.

What is dementia ?

Derived from the latin, the story attributed to Esquirol (19th century) the differentiation between mental retardation and dementia. At the beginning of the last century, these pictures are defined as a general syndrome which affects the powers of understanding, memory and understanding. This broad concept spread joining psychiatric terminology until he said partly when Morel describes the dementia praecox in 1856.

What is dementia

Currently, in the medical community used the term "dementia" to describe patients with disorders of intellectual capacity. It is important to note that dementia is not a normal condition of the aging process. Dementia disorders are caused by abnormal pathological processes and can affect both young people as to the elderly.

The Real Academia Española defines dementia as "madness, disorder of reason". Within the meaning of medicine and psychology, is defined as the "impairment progressive and irreversible mental faculties that causes serious behavioural disorders". Thus, the term dementia is applied to the progressive deterioration of the whole of intellectual functions (memory, attention, judgment and reasoning ability) and the consequent behavior disorders.

You can read another articles like  Vascular Dementia, What Causes Of Dementia, Depression and Dementia, What Are The Signs Of Dementia.






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vascular dementia

What Causes Of Dementia - Reversible Causes Of Dementia

What Causes Of Dementia - It is a form of vascular dementia: mental functioning caused by stroke damage (affect the arteries of the brain or that reach the same).

What Causes Of Dementia

Multi-infarct dementia is the most common form of vascular dementia and the second most frequent reason for dementia (after Alzheimer's disease) in people over 65 years.

What Causes Of Dementia - Reversible Causes Of Dementia

It is estimated that 10-20% of all dementias are caused by strokes. Multi-infarct dementia affects more men than women and usually between 55 and 75 years.

"Multi-infarct" means that many areas in the brain have been injured due to the lack of blood.

Risks

Risks include a history of:

• hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis);
• high blood pressure;
• smoking;
• stroke.

Some research suggests that this insanity can generate or accelerate the advance of Alzheimer's disease; It can also be diagnosed as Alzheimer's disease, either happen both diseases at the same time.

• Symptomps Of Dementia
• Confusion in the evenings.
• Decrease in the ability to function independently.
• Low interest in the activities of everyday life.
• Difficult to discern.
• Extreme emotional disturbance (agitation).
• Frustration, depression, anxiety, stress and tension by the loss of mental function.
• Inability to be spontaneous.
• Lack of emotion.
• Loss of memory.
• Numbness or tingling.
• The memory loss slowly progressive and confusion, disorientation, degression of multifunction
• brain, difficulties with attention, concentration, discernment and behavior.
• Difficulty thinking.
• Delusions.
• Hallucinations.
• Changes in personality.
• Problems with language (aphasia).
• Weak or uncoordinated movements.
• Difficulty swallowing.
• Laughing or crying sudden and involuntary.
• Urinary incontinence.
• Isolation of social interaction.
• Abnormal reflexes.
• Periods of rapid worsening alternated with others stable of very little change.
• Weakness or loss of function on one side of the body, in an area or many.

Treatment For Dementia

There is no treatment. The objective is to control symptoms and correct the risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Some patients may need hospitalization for a short time.

Suspension or changing medications that worsen or cause confusion improves mental functioning. Drugs that may give rise to confusion include:

• anticholinergics (including antidepressants such as amitriptyline or imipramine);
• central nervous system depressants;
• cimetidine;
• lidocaine;
• pain relievers.

Certain disorders contribute to the confusion, among others:

• anemia;
• heart failure;
• infections;
• decrease of oxygen;
• depression;
• nutrition and thyroid disorders.

Treatment of medical or mental disorders improves mental functioning.

Medications may be needed to control aggressive, agitated or dangerous behaviors. The doctor prescribes these drugs at very low doses, with adjustments as necessary. Such medications may be:

• antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine);
• Beta-blockers;
• medication that affects serotonin (a neurotransmitter that have to do with the mood): trazodone, buspirone or fluoxetine.

It has not been proven that the medications used to treat Alzheimer's disease are effective against this insanity.

It is possible that the use of hearing aids, glasses or cataract surgery is necessary if you have sensory issues.

Home care

Having people you trust and familiar objects around.
Leave the lights on at night.
Stick to a simple schedule of activities.
Use behavior modification to control unacceptable or dangerous behaviors.
Facilitate the orientation of reality with environmental references.

Expectations

The disorder worsens with time.

Death can occur by:

• heart disease;
• pneumonia or other infections;
• stroke.

Complications

• Heart disease
• Infections anywhere in the body
• Loss of ability to function or care for self
• Loss of ability to interact
• Pneumonia
• Reduction of the period of life
• Side effects of medications
• Stroke

Situations requiring medical assistance

A sudden change in mental status requires urgent medical attention.

If treatment is received within three hours of the onset of symptoms, reduces the damage caused by strokes.

Prevention

Treat the conditions that increase the risk of hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis):

• control high blood pressure and weight;
• reduce saturated fat or salt in the diet;
• treat related disorders.

You can read another articles like  Vascular Dementia, Dementia Strategy, Depression and Dementia, .Treatment For Dementia. 


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What Are The Signs Of Dementia

What Are The Signs Of Dementia - Memory and language tests can reliably identify "hidden" signs of early dementia, claim British scientists.

Most dementias go unnoticed for years because the symptoms are elusive and are only identified until they cause considerable damage to brain tissue.

But a team of researchers from the University of Oxford, England, discovered that if they carried out an analysis sufficiently detailed they could identify the warning signs of early disease.

What Are The Signs Of Dementia

The discovery - published in the journal Neurology - could help doctors to diagnose dementia sooner, which is crucial because the treatments are more effective if they are in the early stages of the disease.

For a period of 20 years, scientists studied a group of 241 healthy elderly volunteers subject to regular tests designed to measure their intellectual and cognitive powers.

When they analyzed the results of the tests, the researchers found subtle key who, in retrospect - say - indicate a subsequent disability.

Language problems

Specifically, patients who developed a mild cognitive disabilities or "pre-dementia" had problems in tasks requiring expression, learning and language learning.

For example, they showed much difficulty to remember the name of common or animal objects and to explain the meaning of a certain word.

And those who were older and had lower scores on tests of memory or language tended to deteriorate more rapidly, say scientists.

Professor David Smith, who led the research, said that their findings confirm what you already know about dementia.

It has shown that in early stages of dementia are associated with language problems, such as difficulty to remember a Word.

The literary works of authors who were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in later years of his life showed similar changes in the use of language, such as simpler narratives and poor vocabulary.

Early diagnosis

Experts say that these findings may be an important tool to be able to detect early disease.

"This important long-term study shows that subtle but measurable, problems of language or memory can predict when a healthy elderly person is likely to develop mild cognitive disabilities, which often lead to dementia," said Rebecca Wood of the Alzheimer´s Research Trust organization.

"Early intervention will be crucial for future dementia treatments" he adds.

"The ability to detect and measure the initial stages of dementia is a crucial challenge if we want to improve treatments and establish the basis for prevention methods."

It is believed that dementia affects 1 in 20 people over 65-year-old and 1 of every 5 of more than 80. In total, it is estimated that more than 30 million people suffer from the disease worldwide, and it is believed that for the year 2050 the figure can reach more than 100 million.



You can read another articles like  Vascular Dementia, Dementia Strategy, Depression and Dementia, Signs Of Dementia.



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Vascular Dementia - What Is Vascular Dementia

Vascular Dementia - Dementia disease is very named today, and almost all of us have affected relative of this disease, in its multiple forms.

It covers conditions of very different types and clinical manifestations, as well as a bottomless pit of associated pathologies. Alzheimer's disease, the disease of bodies of Levy, senile dementia, vascular dementia, disease of small glass, are different variants of dementia. The fact of giving name us can be oriented on the evolution over time of the disease, and clinical manifestations, but the important thing will always treat the symptoms, so that the patient has a good quality of life and a minimum level of dependence on others.


According to Wikipedia, the dementia is defined as the progressive loss of cognitive functions, due to damage or brain disorders. Although the type of cognitive impairment most we see in our service is caused by vascular dementia, since, progressively going demonstrating brain damage acquired, in the form of cognitive and behavioural changes fundamentally.

vascular dementia

Vascular dementia appears as a result of microscopic small infarcts, tiny stroke or bleeding, which go unnoticed for the patient, but after the time of having been continued, giving as a result already larger involvement of a brain area, which Yes will start to have clinical consequences. It is the case of patients who for years are good, but who begin to have small oversights of memory, to be slower, to have some specific behavioral alterations, or be more irritable, more suspicious, more apathetic.

The causes of these microinfarctions or microictus are multiple, summarized in cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, emotional stress, high cholesterol, high uric acid, etc.

As it happens in the movement of the entire body, brain blood vessels are affected by all these factors. High blood pressure causes blood vessel have to withstand a pressure of fluid higher than normal for a long time. Imagine a pipe that carries water to our home, and why should circulate water at a speed of 10 kilometers per hour. However, the speed that enters water going through the pipe, and walk the path that is 100 km per hour. The tension that is supporting the pipe is much larger than that for which it was built, which puts it in danger of power pop. Let us take this same example for when we talk about our bloodstream, which carries the blood to the brain. Also occurs with high cholesterol, which for a long time in blood at the end sticks to the walls of the "pipes", making them more weak, also putting them in danger. Or the same thing with smoking, sedentary lifestyle and emotional stress, that make our "pipes" are narrowing increasingly.

Vascular Dementia - What Is Vascular Dementia

However, if these vascular accidents occur in tiny vessels, supplying small brain areas, what notice will not be much. Instead if they continuously in time, appear problems because many small infartitos will cause that large areas will be damaged. Here the explanation of those cognitive and behavioral problems that appear in a progressive way in time.

How To Prevent It ?

First of all: controlling cardiovascular risk factors. We should live a healthy life: stop smoking, drinking alcohol in large amounts, control high blood pressure, take a healthy diet low in saturated fat, good control of sugar in diabetics, a proper weight, do sedentary too, and manage stress of the day will help us to have a healthy brain blood circulation and to not give us problems in the long run.

In case of longer present symptoms, it is important to start the control of cardiovascular risk factors, and also go to a centre specializing in the treatment of brain damage, which can advise us the most appropriate therapeutic option.

You can read another articles like  Treatment For Dementia,  Dementia Strategy, Depression and Dementia, Signs Of Dementia.





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Treatment For Dementia - Dementia Treatment

Treatment For Dementia - For the sufferer of dementia need to know useful treatments of homeopathy as an adjuvant treatment without unwanted side effects. Homeopathy can also be committed to the emotional suffering that is not always visible as present in these patients. Senile dementia is a degenerative process that progressively destroys brain cells, making the individual who is suffering, incapable of normal lives. The increasing prevalence of the disease in the general population worldwide is accompanied by an enormous growth of its economic and social cost. The course of senile dementia can be different, on time and in the manner for each individual patient. The disease usually begins with an MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment that is a slight deficiency of different cognitive functions like memory, orientation and verbal skills. A MCI is still frequent in the elderly population and in itself is not necessarily indicative of incipient dementia. The disease manifests in following his debut as characterized by progressive dementia, amnesia, and other cognitive deficits more pronounced. Intermediate and advanced stages of senile dementia in addition, behavioral problems and may occur as the psychic disorientation in space, over time or in reports. In these conditions you add progressive difficulties even in the care of the person. The cognitive deficits and behavioural studies, in more advanced stages you add internal medical complications, ultimately leading to a progressive impairment of health in patients with senile dementia.

Treatment For Dementia - Dementia Treatment

The disease is due to widespread destruction of neurons due to various causes. The consequence of these brain changes is impossible for the neuron to transmit nerve impulses, and then death, resulting in progressive atrophy. Senile dementia in Alzheimer's disease is characterized for example by a decrease in weight and in brain volume, due to cortical atrophy, also visible in a corresponding enlargement of the flattening of grooves and convolutions. At the microscopic level, are found in neuronal depletion and plaques of amyloid substance. This presents not amyloid natural features but tends to settle in extracellular aggregates on neuronal membrane damaging them irreversibly. Conventional medicine has no treatment or effective remedies for senile dementia, but manages its clinical complications. You can, in fact, improve the quality of life of patients and try to slow down the course especially in the initial stages and intermediate. In this sense to integrate assistance and parental care is vital to the clinical course. A clear information to family members, a good working alliance with the medical staff is appropriate for a durable and effective for assistance.

Although homeopathy remedies cannot be considered specific treatment for the senile dementia they encourage the sufferer expresses the multifarious hardships when nonspecific that can accompany the disease. The remedies of homeopathy contribute to general well-being, fundamental to slow down his progress over time. Often there is also a marked feature in dementia senilie psychic is up for both emotional expression defect.

Modulation of this aspect is equally relevant to patients. Homeopathic remedies are not indicated only for a single never symptom. Homeopathy for Act must consider the totality of the symptoms expressed by dementia sufferer especially distinguishing those related to his personality. In fact, a State of irritation, melancholy or anxiety encourage that State of conflict, at the base of which may be negative interference with the course of the disease. The characteristic of senile dementia is a progression as a pathological condition in indent. The loss of faculty due to reposition the patient in the condition of the child until they reach more advanced stages of learning and level of autonomy.
In materia medica of homeopathic remedies do not exist for the treatment of senile dementia since this condition was not described by that name at the time they were done the homeopathic prooving. None the less there are remedies to similar symptomatology related or similar. They are, in fact, just the other particularities of life and diseases previously expressed by the patient to determine the remedies of homeopathy.

l method of homeopathy is based on prescribed remedies for the sick, not the disease. In this sense, the choice of which take between many remedies of homeopathy and what are the doses indicated should be reserved for a medical expert. He relies for this work a complete medical examination, diagnostic and instrumental regarding the choice of remedies of homeopathy by a tool called homeopathic Repertory. Once the Repertoire was a great book on homeopathic physician, today it is a database present in his computer. The prescription in homeopathy has success in therapy when they are properly repertorizzati all the symptoms of the patient, with special attention to those that do not involve any dementia. The simillimum is that among the remedies of homeopathy, which corresponds to both the current clinical and earlier clinical and especially coincides with the personality expressed by patient. Through the materia medica and Repertory the doctor investigates even beyond the physical aspects of the disease, including emotional fields and the biological conflicts suffered.

Adjuvant treatment of senile dementia with homeopathic remedies do not contradict it replaces the guidelines of conventional medicine. On the contrary, homeopathy establishes with a virtuous synergy and an extraordinary opportunity at the level of prevention.

You can read another articles like Medication For Dementia,   Dementia Strategy, Depression and Dementia, Signs Of Dementia.




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Signs Of Dementia - Signs Of Early Dementia

Signs Of Dementia - When a person forget things often during senescence is said to have dementia in general does not warrant studies and is sometimes considered as a normal part of aging. It is worth clarifying that the impairment of memory and brain function enabling relationship with the environment does not always is normal aging. In addition memory alterations are not unique to people of the third age. A characteristic of dementia is progressive and sometimes irreversible destruction of the cells of the brain, which leads to memory loss and other mental faculties without affecting consciousness but compromising family and work environments. It is frequently Alzheimer's but not the only cause. Hence the importance of analyze memory problems on early indications that some cases may be reversible.

Signs Of Dementia - Signs Of Early Dementia

Signs Of Dementia

• Decrease in recent memory that affects the performance on the job.
• Difficulties in the performance of family duties.
• Language problems.
• Disorientation in time and place.
• Poor or decreased judgment ability.
• Problems with abstract thinking.
• Loss of objects.
• Change in mood or behavior.
• Personality changes.
• Decrease of initiative.
• Intolerance of dementias
• Mild dementia
• Manifestations of mild dementia
• The person is disorienting in a place which is known.
• It reduces their effective capacity in Labour Office.
• Forgotten words when speaking.
• You can read but retains little information.
• It is difficult to remember names.
• Moderate dementia
• Clear deficiency in clinical intervention.
• Among others such as forgetfulness of recent events or data related to your personal history
• Difficulties in calculation as handling of money or checks.
• Alters to remember dates.
• Reduces complex activities e.g. Cook.
• The frequent Association of denial and lack of initiative.
• Not survive without assistance and does not remember his current life, such as address, phone, age, members of his family.
• Not presented difficulty to eat but if dressing.
• Severe dementia
• It depends on caregiver and don't know your name and your relationship.
• He remembers little of his past life.
• It is attended to daily activities.
• It has initially incontinence and require caregiver assistance.
• Presents changes in behavior, wanders, aggressive, apathy, misconceptions among others.
• When it is very advanced there is loss of communication e.g. Grunts or does not speak.
• There is loss of motor activities.
• It presents urinary and fecal incontinence.
• Conclusion
• The ageing of the population is global, the fastest growing population is over the age of 85, who estimates the year 2020 there will be about 1,000,000,000 senior of which 20% will be in Latin America and Africa.

It is clearly established that women live more a difference of 5 years, the causes are unknown.

There are various lines of research trying to find a cure for dementia, but so far there is no concrete results. Exception is no when it is deficiency of dietary supplements that are diagnosed in time, can be completely reversible.

You can read another articles like Medication For Dementia,   Dementia Strategy, Depression and Dementia, Early Signs Of Dementia Checklist. 





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